The 10 year is often used in pricing models as the "risk free rates". It is also important for business transactions and loans. These are usually done on 5 and 10 years duration. We have the US daily treasury yield, and we also look at other countries that closely impact us treasury rates, namely, Germany Bond (10), Japan (10), and Canada (10).
In the US is 30 years daily treasury yields, is particularly important since most home lending is done at that duration. The demand sometimes is "gamed" by the need (legal need) for retirement funds and other financial institution to own bonds and historically the longer the duration the higher the yield. While in Europe and Canada, that is almost not existing. Nevertheless, one rate impact the other due to supply and demand also due to collateral. like in the case of 10 years, we have German Bond(30), Japan (30), and Canada (30).
Short term rates are much closer to FED effective rates. They become very popular during curve inversion, since one can get paid more and hold the bills for a shorter duration. Of course each type of bonds has it is own risk. Here is the one month treasury yield, and the 3 month treasury yield.
Inflation impacts the FED rates and consequently the short term rates. Current government published inflation can be found on FRED. However inflation expectation and term premium are what drive the long term rates.